The ancient art of plaster has never died, and is a great way to add style and ambience to any building. This old technique allows the builder to form almost any shape that he or she desires, and is a very economical way of enhancing a modern home. Plaster sculptures are also an efficient way of adding mass for a passive solar design.
The Art of Sculpting a Perfect Bath, Fireplace or Stairway
Start with your imagination and sketch a drawing. The plaster can be formed to almost any shape, so get creative. It is easy to form rounded corners and natural shelves such as the enclosed photos. The fireplace started with a rough sketch, and the size was determined by drawing the shape of the base on the rough floor. The bathroom wall was designed by drawing a curved line on the floor and ceiling, and connecting the points with vertical 2X4s.
Framing the Structure
The next step involves cutting a bottom and top plate out of two layers of 3/4 in plywood each. These are nailed to the floor and roof respectively and provide a basic structure for the framework. Attaching vertical 2X4s between the plates will finish this basic wall. Eight to ten inch centers is a good approximate layout for the vertical members, but this will vary with the shape of the sculpture.
The overall goal is to provide a sound framework to support the metal lathe system. Scrap plywood can be used to add shelves, and asymmetric shapes are encouraged. Shelving spaces can also be created by framing box shapes into the vertical walls, and pushing the mesh inside them.
Applying the Metal Lathe
The next step involves covering the structure with a system of metal lathe, and requires special skills and tools. This is most easily accomplished by hiring an experienced plasterer, but a determined builder could succeed with proper instruction. The lathe will complete the basic framework, and the designer can visualize the sculpture and make necessary changes before finishing the project.
Plastering the Sculpture
When the designer is satisfied with the sculpted form, it is time to move on to the final steps. This involves covering the lathe with three layers of a special plaster. The first layer is called the scratch coat, and is spread liberally so as to fill the holes in the lathe. The second, or brown coat adds thickness and provides a smooth surface and the final shape of the sculpture. The third and final coat leaves a a very smooth finish and may also provide the color.
Enjoying the Finished Results
The natural color of most plaster is a shade of white which is quite pleasant, but a wide range of colors can be added to the mixture. Plaster is easy to paint, so the color can be added or changed later. The finished sculpture provides a grand focal point in any home, and is a great place to display pottery and other works of art.
John Mattson - Award winning author and photographer, lifelong adventure traveler and master of 4 extreme sports.
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